diff options
| author | Kacper <kacper@mail.openlinux.dev> | 2025-12-09 19:20:15 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Kacper <kacper@mail.openlinux.dev> | 2025-12-09 19:20:15 +0100 |
| commit | 885f5974cdf65b59415837ae97f5a14ef1350670 (patch) | |
| tree | 66ac13de29c7f4932c5fcae11773df574e4e256a /lib/libm/erf.c | |
| parent | 8f9e448b2ef6db7cd905540c21f3c5b190e7a1e7 (diff) | |
feat: add gzip and new headers
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/libm/erf.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/libm/erf.c | 293 |
1 files changed, 293 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lib/libm/erf.c b/lib/libm/erf.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4a096387 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/libm/erf.c @@ -0,0 +1,293 @@ +/* origin: FreeBSD /usr/src/lib/msun/src/s_erf.c */ +/* + * ==================================================== + * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. + * + * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business. + * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this + * software is freely granted, provided that this notice + * is preserved. + * ==================================================== + */ +/* double erf(double x) + * double erfc(double x) + * x + * 2 |\ + * erf(x) = --------- | exp(-t*t)dt + * sqrt(pi) \| + * 0 + * + * erfc(x) = 1-erf(x) + * Note that + * erf(-x) = -erf(x) + * erfc(-x) = 2 - erfc(x) + * + * Method: + * 1. For |x| in [0, 0.84375] + * erf(x) = x + x*R(x^2) + * erfc(x) = 1 - erf(x) if x in [-.84375,0.25] + * = 0.5 + ((0.5-x)-x*R) if x in [0.25,0.84375] + * where R = P/Q where P is an odd poly of degree 8 and + * Q is an odd poly of degree 10. + * -57.90 + * | R - (erf(x)-x)/x | <= 2 + * + * + * Remark. The formula is derived by noting + * erf(x) = (2/sqrt(pi))*(x - x^3/3 + x^5/10 - x^7/42 + ....) + * and that + * 2/sqrt(pi) = 1.128379167095512573896158903121545171688 + * is close to one. The interval is chosen because the fix + * point of erf(x) is near 0.6174 (i.e., erf(x)=x when x is + * near 0.6174), and by some experiment, 0.84375 is chosen to + * guarantee the error is less than one ulp for erf. + * + * 2. For |x| in [0.84375,1.25], let s = |x| - 1, and + * c = 0.84506291151 rounded to single (24 bits) + * erf(x) = sign(x) * (c + P1(s)/Q1(s)) + * erfc(x) = (1-c) - P1(s)/Q1(s) if x > 0 + * 1+(c+P1(s)/Q1(s)) if x < 0 + * |P1/Q1 - (erf(|x|)-c)| <= 2**-59.06 + * Remark: here we use the taylor series expansion at x=1. + * erf(1+s) = erf(1) + s*Poly(s) + * = 0.845.. + P1(s)/Q1(s) + * That is, we use rational approximation to approximate + * erf(1+s) - (c = (single)0.84506291151) + * Note that |P1/Q1|< 0.078 for x in [0.84375,1.25] + * where + * P1(s) = degree 6 poly in s + * Q1(s) = degree 6 poly in s + * + * 3. For x in [1.25,1/0.35(~2.857143)], + * erfc(x) = (1/x)*exp(-x*x-0.5625+R1/S1) + * erf(x) = 1 - erfc(x) + * where + * R1(z) = degree 7 poly in z, (z=1/x^2) + * S1(z) = degree 8 poly in z + * + * 4. For x in [1/0.35,28] + * erfc(x) = (1/x)*exp(-x*x-0.5625+R2/S2) if x > 0 + * = 2.0 - (1/x)*exp(-x*x-0.5625+R2/S2) if -6<x<0 + * = 2.0 - tiny (if x <= -6) + * erf(x) = sign(x)*(1.0 - erfc(x)) if x < 6, else + * erf(x) = sign(x)*(1.0 - tiny) + * where + * R2(z) = degree 6 poly in z, (z=1/x^2) + * S2(z) = degree 7 poly in z + * + * Note1: + * To compute exp(-x*x-0.5625+R/S), let s be a single + * precision number and s := x; then + * -x*x = -s*s + (s-x)*(s+x) + * exp(-x*x-0.5626+R/S) = + * exp(-s*s-0.5625)*exp((s-x)*(s+x)+R/S); + * Note2: + * Here 4 and 5 make use of the asymptotic series + * exp(-x*x) + * erfc(x) ~ ---------- * ( 1 + Poly(1/x^2) ) + * x*sqrt(pi) + * We use rational approximation to approximate + * g(s)=f(1/x^2) = log(erfc(x)*x) - x*x + 0.5625 + * Here is the error bound for R1/S1 and R2/S2 + * |R1/S1 - f(x)| < 2**(-62.57) + * |R2/S2 - f(x)| < 2**(-61.52) + * + * 5. For inf > x >= 28 + * erf(x) = sign(x) *(1 - tiny) (raise inexact) + * erfc(x) = tiny*tiny (raise underflow) if x > 0 + * = 2 - tiny if x<0 + * + * 7. Special case: + * erf(0) = 0, erf(inf) = 1, erf(-inf) = -1, + * erfc(0) = 1, erfc(inf) = 0, erfc(-inf) = 2, + * erfc/erf(NaN) is NaN + */ + +#include "libm.h" + +static const double erx = 8.45062911510467529297e-01, /* 0x3FEB0AC1, 0x60000000 + */ + /* + * Coefficients for approximation to erf on [0,0.84375] + */ + efx8 = 1.02703333676410069053e+00, /* 0x3FF06EBA, 0x8214DB69 */ + pp0 = 1.28379167095512558561e-01, /* 0x3FC06EBA, 0x8214DB68 */ + pp1 = -3.25042107247001499370e-01, /* 0xBFD4CD7D, 0x691CB913 */ + pp2 = -2.84817495755985104766e-02, /* 0xBF9D2A51, 0xDBD7194F */ + pp3 = -5.77027029648944159157e-03, /* 0xBF77A291, 0x236668E4 */ + pp4 = -2.37630166566501626084e-05, /* 0xBEF8EAD6, 0x120016AC */ + qq1 = 3.97917223959155352819e-01, /* 0x3FD97779, 0xCDDADC09 */ + qq2 = 6.50222499887672944485e-02, /* 0x3FB0A54C, 0x5536CEBA */ + qq3 = 5.08130628187576562776e-03, /* 0x3F74D022, 0xC4D36B0F */ + qq4 = 1.32494738004321644526e-04, /* 0x3F215DC9, 0x221C1A10 */ + qq5 = -3.96022827877536812320e-06, /* 0xBED09C43, 0x42A26120 */ + /* + * Coefficients for approximation to erf in [0.84375,1.25] + */ + pa0 = -2.36211856075265944077e-03, /* 0xBF6359B8, 0xBEF77538 */ + pa1 = 4.14856118683748331666e-01, /* 0x3FDA8D00, 0xAD92B34D */ + pa2 = -3.72207876035701323847e-01, /* 0xBFD7D240, 0xFBB8C3F1 */ + pa3 = 3.18346619901161753674e-01, /* 0x3FD45FCA, 0x805120E4 */ + pa4 = -1.10894694282396677476e-01, /* 0xBFBC6398, 0x3D3E28EC */ + pa5 = 3.54783043256182359371e-02, /* 0x3FA22A36, 0x599795EB */ + pa6 = -2.16637559486879084300e-03, /* 0xBF61BF38, 0x0A96073F */ + qa1 = 1.06420880400844228286e-01, /* 0x3FBB3E66, 0x18EEE323 */ + qa2 = 5.40397917702171048937e-01, /* 0x3FE14AF0, 0x92EB6F33 */ + qa3 = 7.18286544141962662868e-02, /* 0x3FB2635C, 0xD99FE9A7 */ + qa4 = 1.26171219808761642112e-01, /* 0x3FC02660, 0xE763351F */ + qa5 = 1.36370839120290507362e-02, /* 0x3F8BEDC2, 0x6B51DD1C */ + qa6 = 1.19844998467991074170e-02, /* 0x3F888B54, 0x5735151D */ + /* + * Coefficients for approximation to erfc in [1.25,1/0.35] + */ + ra0 = -9.86494403484714822705e-03, /* 0xBF843412, 0x600D6435 */ + ra1 = -6.93858572707181764372e-01, /* 0xBFE63416, 0xE4BA7360 */ + ra2 = -1.05586262253232909814e+01, /* 0xC0251E04, 0x41B0E726 */ + ra3 = -6.23753324503260060396e+01, /* 0xC04F300A, 0xE4CBA38D */ + ra4 = -1.62396669462573470355e+02, /* 0xC0644CB1, 0x84282266 */ + ra5 = -1.84605092906711035994e+02, /* 0xC067135C, 0xEBCCABB2 */ + ra6 = -8.12874355063065934246e+01, /* 0xC0545265, 0x57E4D2F2 */ + ra7 = -9.81432934416914548592e+00, /* 0xC023A0EF, 0xC69AC25C */ + sa1 = 1.96512716674392571292e+01, /* 0x4033A6B9, 0xBD707687 */ + sa2 = 1.37657754143519042600e+02, /* 0x4061350C, 0x526AE721 */ + sa3 = 4.34565877475229228821e+02, /* 0x407B290D, 0xD58A1A71 */ + sa4 = 6.45387271733267880336e+02, /* 0x40842B19, 0x21EC2868 */ + sa5 = 4.29008140027567833386e+02, /* 0x407AD021, 0x57700314 */ + sa6 = 1.08635005541779435134e+02, /* 0x405B28A3, 0xEE48AE2C */ + sa7 = 6.57024977031928170135e+00, /* 0x401A47EF, 0x8E484A93 */ + sa8 = -6.04244152148580987438e-02, /* 0xBFAEEFF2, 0xEE749A62 */ + /* + * Coefficients for approximation to erfc in [1/.35,28] + */ + rb0 = -9.86494292470009928597e-03, /* 0xBF843412, 0x39E86F4A */ + rb1 = -7.99283237680523006574e-01, /* 0xBFE993BA, 0x70C285DE */ + rb2 = -1.77579549177547519889e+01, /* 0xC031C209, 0x555F995A */ + rb3 = -1.60636384855821916062e+02, /* 0xC064145D, 0x43C5ED98 */ + rb4 = -6.37566443368389627722e+02, /* 0xC083EC88, 0x1375F228 */ + rb5 = -1.02509513161107724954e+03, /* 0xC0900461, 0x6A2E5992 */ + rb6 = -4.83519191608651397019e+02, /* 0xC07E384E, 0x9BDC383F */ + sb1 = 3.03380607434824582924e+01, /* 0x403E568B, 0x261D5190 */ + sb2 = 3.25792512996573918826e+02, /* 0x40745CAE, 0x221B9F0A */ + sb3 = 1.53672958608443695994e+03, /* 0x409802EB, 0x189D5118 */ + sb4 = 3.19985821950859553908e+03, /* 0x40A8FFB7, 0x688C246A */ + sb5 = 2.55305040643316442583e+03, /* 0x40A3F219, 0xCEDF3BE6 */ + sb6 = 4.74528541206955367215e+02, /* 0x407DA874, 0xE79FE763 */ + sb7 = -2.24409524465858183362e+01; /* 0xC03670E2, 0x42712D62 */ + +static double erfc1(double x) +{ + double_t s, P, Q; + + s = fabs(x) - 1; + P = pa0 + + s * (pa1 + s * (pa2 + s * (pa3 + s * (pa4 + s * (pa5 + s * pa6))))); + Q = 1 + + s * (qa1 + s * (qa2 + s * (qa3 + s * (qa4 + s * (qa5 + s * qa6))))); + return 1 - erx - P / Q; +} + +static double erfc2(uint32_t ix, double x) +{ + double_t s, R, S; + double z; + + if (ix < 0x3ff40000) /* |x| < 1.25 */ + return erfc1(x); + + x = fabs(x); + s = 1 / (x * x); + if (ix < 0x4006db6d) { /* |x| < 1/.35 ~ 2.85714 */ + R = ra0 + + s * (ra1 + + s * (ra2 + + s * (ra3 + + s * (ra4 + + s * (ra5 + s * (ra6 + s * ra7)))))); + S = 1.0 + + s * (sa1 + + s * (sa2 + + s * (sa3 + + s * (sa4 + + s * (sa5 + + s * (sa6 + + s * (sa7 + s * sa8))))))); + } else { /* |x| > 1/.35 */ + R = rb0 + + s * (rb1 + + s * (rb2 + + s * (rb3 + s * (rb4 + s * (rb5 + s * rb6))))); + S = 1.0 + + s * (sb1 + + s * (sb2 + + s * (sb3 + + s * (sb4 + + s * (sb5 + s * (sb6 + s * sb7)))))); + } + z = x; + SET_LOW_WORD(z, 0); + return exp(-z * z - 0.5625) * exp((z - x) * (z + x) + R / S) / x; +} + +double erf(double x) +{ + double r, s, z, y; + uint32_t ix; + int sign; + + GET_HIGH_WORD(ix, x); + sign = ix >> 31; + ix &= 0x7fffffff; + if (ix >= 0x7ff00000) { + /* erf(nan)=nan, erf(+-inf)=+-1 */ + return 1 - 2 * sign + 1 / x; + } + if (ix < 0x3feb0000) { /* |x| < 0.84375 */ + if (ix < 0x3e300000) { /* |x| < 2**-28 */ + /* avoid underflow */ + return 0.125 * (8 * x + efx8 * x); + } + z = x * x; + r = pp0 + z * (pp1 + z * (pp2 + z * (pp3 + z * pp4))); + s = 1.0 + + z * (qq1 + z * (qq2 + z * (qq3 + z * (qq4 + z * qq5)))); + y = r / s; + return x + x * y; + } + if (ix < 0x40180000) /* 0.84375 <= |x| < 6 */ + y = 1 - erfc2(ix, x); + else + y = 1 - 0x1p-1022; + return sign ? -y : y; +} + +double erfc(double x) +{ + double r, s, z, y; + uint32_t ix; + int sign; + + GET_HIGH_WORD(ix, x); + sign = ix >> 31; + ix &= 0x7fffffff; + if (ix >= 0x7ff00000) { + /* erfc(nan)=nan, erfc(+-inf)=0,2 */ + return 2 * sign + 1 / x; + } + if (ix < 0x3feb0000) { /* |x| < 0.84375 */ + if (ix < 0x3c700000) /* |x| < 2**-56 */ + return 1.0 - x; + z = x * x; + r = pp0 + z * (pp1 + z * (pp2 + z * (pp3 + z * pp4))); + s = 1.0 + + z * (qq1 + z * (qq2 + z * (qq3 + z * (qq4 + z * qq5)))); + y = r / s; + if (sign || ix < 0x3fd00000) { /* x < 1/4 */ + return 1.0 - (x + x * y); + } + return 0.5 - (x - 0.5 + x * y); + } + if (ix < 0x403c0000) { /* 0.84375 <= |x| < 28 */ + return sign ? 2 - erfc2(ix, x) : erfc2(ix, x); + } + return sign ? 2 - 0x1p-1022 : 0x1p-1022 * 0x1p-1022; +} |
